Project method in Social Sciences involves __________. (a) Activity (b)…

The Project Method (developed by W. H. Kilpatrick) is a learner-centred pedagogical approach in which students learn through purposeful, real-life projects rather than through passive reception of information from a teacher. It weaves together several interconnected classroom processes — planning and carrying out a task (Activity), collaborating and reasoning together (Discussion), and testing or investigating ideas (Experiment/inquiry) — while deliberately setting aside one-way, teacher-led explanation (Narration), which belongs to older, teacher-centred methods.

Applied to Social Sciences, a project — say, a study of a local market, a historical monument, or a community issue — requires students to actually do something (Activity), talk it through and plan collaboratively (Discussion), and investigate or verify what they find (Experiment/inquiry). These three processes together define how the method unfolds in the classroom; Narration plays no defining role in it.

Checking each offered combination of these four elements against this description:

• Activity, Experiment and Narration: substitutes Narration for Discussion, pulling a one-way, teacher-led explanation into a method that is defined by students working and reasoning things out together.

• Activity and Discussion only: stops after planning and discussing, leaving out the investigative, testing dimension that carries a project to completion.

• Experiment and Narration only: keeps the investigative element but drops the hands-on activity that gives the method its name, while adding Narration, which the method's philosophy sets aside.

So the Project Method in Social Sciences involves Activity, Discussion and Experiment together — the doing, the collaborative reasoning, and the investigation — while Narration has no place in it.