Who defined, “Personality is that which permits a prediction of what a person…

CONCEPT: Personality theorists have each proposed formal definitions that capture personality from a particular angle -- as predictive of behaviour, as an enduring dynamic organisation, or as a stable trait-and-type structure. Matching a quoted definition to its author means recognising each theorist's distinctive framing.

APPLICATION: The quotation, "Personality is that which permits a prediction of what a person will do in a given situation," is Raymond B. Cattell's functional definition of personality (1950). Cattell framed personality in predictive terms -- as the trait structure that allows one to anticipate how a person will behave under particular circumstances.

CROSS-CHECK -- contrast with the other named theorists:

• Eysenck defined personality as "a more or less stable and enduring organisation of a person's character, temperament, intellect, and physique," emphasising stable biological trait dimensions rather than predictive framing.

• Allport defined personality as "the dynamic organisation within the individual of the psychophysical systems that determine his characteristic behaviour and thought," emphasising internal dynamic organisation rather than a predictive framing.

• Watson founded behaviourism, which explains behaviour through observable stimulus-response habits and conditioning history rather than through internal trait or type structures used by trait theorists.

Because the predictive framing of the quotation is uniquely Cattell's, the correct answer is Cattell.