The term "All persons are equal before the law" means : A. that all the…

Concept: "Equality before the law" (Article 14 of the Constitution) is a legal/formal-equality guarantee: the State makes every person equally subject to the law and gives everyone equal protection of the laws, so no individual or group holds a special legal privilege or exemption. It also underpins the related guarantee of non-discrimination (Articles 14-15) and supports the wider constitutional goal of fair opportunity and dignity for every citizen. What it does NOT do is automatically remove the social and economic inequalities that already exist in society.

Application: Testing each statement against this concept:

• Statement A (every citizen obeys the same law, regardless of socio-economic status) is exactly the rule-of-law meaning of equality before the law -- true.

• Statement B (no discrimination on the basis of race/colour, religion, caste or gender) restates the non-discrimination guarantee that goes with equality before the law -- true.

• Statement C (inequalities cease to exist) confuses legal equality with social and economic equality: guaranteeing the same law for everyone does not itself remove existing disparities of wealth, status or opportunity -- false.

• Statement D (it ensures fair opportunities and a life of dignity for all citizens) reflects the broader constitutional purpose behind equal legal standing -- true.

Cross-check: Since statement C is the only false statement, any combination that includes C must be eliminated. Checking the four combinations against this rule leaves exactly one that keeps A, B and D while dropping C -- confirming that combination as the answer.