While ___________ agencies of socialisation are predominantly important in…
2023
While ___________ agencies of socialisation are predominantly important in infancy, __________ agencies of socialization also become important in early childhood.
- A.
tertiary; secondary
- B.
primary; secondary
- C.
secondary; primary
- D.
secondary; tertiary
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: B
Concept: In the standard classification used in child-development pedagogy, agencies of socialisation are grouped by the kind of relationship and the life stage at which they typically become significant: primary agencies (family and close kin) are the first, most intimate group in a person's life and are treated as dominant during infancy; secondary agencies (school, peer group, neighbourhood, religious or community organisations) are larger, organised groups a child begins engaging with once it starts stepping outside the household, gaining importance over early childhood; tertiary agencies (mass media, the workplace, political and economic institutions) are the large-scale formal institutions associated with a person's participation in public and institutional life, typically placed at the adolescent and adult stages in this classification.
Application: In infancy, an individual's engagement is confined to the household, so the family, a primary agency, is the dominant shaping influence. As the child grows into early childhood and begins stepping outside the home into pre-school, playgroup, or neighbourhood settings, secondary agencies start exerting real influence alongside the family. This matches the first blank with "primary" and the second blank with "secondary".
Cross-check: Checking the other combinations against this same classification:
"tertiary; secondary" places tertiary agencies (mass media, the workplace) at the infancy stage, but in this classification tertiary agencies are placed at the adolescent/adult stage of institutional participation, not infancy.
"secondary; primary" reverses the developmental sequence — the family always precedes school or peer-group influence, not the other way round.
"secondary; tertiary" leaves out the family's dominant role in infancy and places tertiary agencies at the early-childhood stage, a stage this classification places well before the later, adolescent/adult level of institutional participation associated with tertiary agencies.
So the sequence that matches the standard developmental account of socialisation agencies is "primary; secondary".