Which one of the following teaching methods is based on progressive theory?

Concept

Progressive education treats learning as an active, learner-centred process. Learners construct knowledge through purposeful experience, inquiry, reflection, and participation rather than merely receiving ready-made rules.

Application

The problem-solving method begins with a meaningful difficulty.

1. Learners define the problem clearly.

2. They propose possible explanations or solutions.

3. They test the proposals using relevant evidence.

4. They reflect on the result and revise their understanding.

This active and experiential sequence directly embodies progressive theory.

Contrast

• Inductive reasoning moves from particular examples to a general rule; it is a reasoning pattern and is not, by itself, a complete progressive teaching method.

• Questioning is an interaction technique used to elicit or probe responses; its use alone does not determine the underlying educational philosophy.

• Deductive teaching begins with a stated rule and applies it to cases, so its rule-first structure is less characteristic of learner-led progressive practice.

Result

Therefore, among the given choices, problem solving is the teaching method based on progressive theory.