Continuous Assessment focuses on

Concept: Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) is the assessment framework used at the school level. "Continuous" means assessment is not confined to a single terminal exam: it runs through the year via frequent, largely informal observation of the learner (classroom interaction, assignments, projects, oral work) together with periodic, more structured checkpoints — combining ongoing formative assessment (checks that feed back into teaching and learning) with summative assessment (judging achievement at the end of a unit, term, or year). "Comprehensive" separately means evaluation also covers both scholastic (subject knowledge and skills) and co-scholastic (attitudes, values, co-curricular) aspects of a learner's development.

Application: The question asks specifically about the continuity dimension of this framework. Continuous Assessment therefore focuses on tracking a learner's progress mainly through informal, everyday observation, combined with both formative and summative evaluation checkpoints spread across the year — exactly the description “informal and a combination of both formative and summative.”

Cross-check: Each near-miss option isolates only one strand of this definition:

• Formal assessment alone describes only structured tests and examinations — it leaves out the frequent, informal, day-to-day observation that continuous assessment equally relies on.

• Informal assessment alone describes only unstructured, everyday observation — it drops the periodic formative and summative evaluation that continuous assessment layers on top of that observation.

• Outcome and achievement based assessment describes only the summative, end-result side of evaluation — it skips the ongoing, formative tracking that continuous assessment builds in throughout the year.