India's language-in-education policy is known as ________.

India's school-education system is shaped by nationally adopted language policies that specify exactly how many and which languages students must study. Such a policy is issued through an official government document (a National Policy on Education) following the recommendations of an expert commission, and it carries a distinct, citable name rather than a generic descriptive label.

Applying this to India: the Kothari Commission (1964–66) recommended a scheme for school language study, and the Government adopted it in the National Policy on Education, 1968 (retained through the 1986/1992 revisions and NEP 2020) under the name Three Language Formula. It calls for school students to study:

1. the mother tongue or regional language,

2. a second Indian language — commonly Hindi in non-Hindi-speaking states, or another modern Indian language in Hindi-speaking states, and

3. English (the third language under the 1968 formulation).

The exact combination and stage of introduction have varied across states and over time; NEP 2020 continues the formula while additionally requiring at least two of the three languages studied to be native to India — a flexibility not part of the original 1968 wording.

Contrasting the other phrases against this concept:

• “National language formula” presumes a single constitutionally designated “national language” anchors school policy. Article 343 designates Hindi as the Union's official language, with English continuing in official use under the Official Languages Act — India has no constitutionally declared “national language,” so no education policy carries this title.

• “Language in education” describes the general field of study concerned with languages used in schooling — a subject-area label, not the title of any specific enacted government policy.

• “Official language policy” concerns which language(s) the government conducts administrative business in, under the Official Languages Act — a distinct policy domain from how many languages students study in school.

Checked against the concept: the defining feature — a named policy prescribing a fixed count of three languages for the school curriculum — is what “Three language formula” specifically denotes; the other phrases instead describe a claimed single national language, a general field of study, or administrative-language rules.