Consider the following statements: A. By the second half of the nineteenth…

Colonial India's caste-reform landscape spanned more than a century: movements such as the Satyashodhak Samaj and the Self-Respect Movement arose from the later nineteenth century into the early twentieth century, while the Satnami Movement had already taken shape earlier, in the early nineteenth century, under Guru Ghasidas, and its social-reform activity continued spreading through the community across the century that followed — non-Brahmin and other subordinated castes across these movements turned individual grievances into organised socio-religious reform, contesting caste-based discrimination and demanding social equality and dignity, each movement responding to the caste-based exclusion faced by the communities it organised.

Statement A describes the general pattern of non-Brahmin castes organising against caste discrimination that took hold from the second half of the nineteenth century onward, and is accurate. Statement B names one concrete instance of that pattern: Guru Ghasidas organised the Satnami Movement in Central India (present-day Chhattisgarh) among Chamars/leather-workers, a caste group facing ritual and social exclusion, building a reform community that rejected idol worship and untouchability to raise their social standing — this is also accurate. Because Ghasidas's movement shares the same underlying motive of contesting caste-based exclusion and the same organised-movement method as the pattern described in A, and its social-reform activity continued to spread through the community across the century, the Satnami Movement is properly read as one example of A rather than a separate, unrelated development.

This reading matches the officially released CTET August 2023 Paper II answer key for this exact item, which selects the combination where both statements are true and B is an example of A — independently confirming the derivation above.