Concept was labelled as ‘Schema’ by :

In developmental psychology, a schema is an organised, repeatable pattern of thought or action — a basic mental structure that helps a person categorise, interpret, and respond to information about the world. A theory built around schemas explains cognitive growth as the ongoing modification of these mental structures through experience.

Jean Piaget made 'schema' (plural: schemata) the central unit of his theory of cognitive development. In Piaget's account, children build and refine schemas through two complementary processes — assimilation (fitting new information into an existing schema) and accommodation (changing a schema to fit new information) — as they move through his stages of cognitive development.

Comparing with the other theorists named in the options:

• Vygotsky's defining contribution is the Sociocultural Theory of development and the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD), which explain learning through social and cultural interaction, not through schemas.

• Bruner's work centres on discovery learning, the spiral curriculum, and modes of representation (enactive, iconic, symbolic) — a different framework from schema theory.

• Van Hiele's theory describes sequential levels of geometric thinking specific to mathematics education, unrelated to general cognitive schema.

In developmental psychology, Piaget is therefore the theorist credited with labelling this concept as 'Schema'.