Given below are two statements: Statement I: According to classical Indian…
2022
Given below are two statements:
Statement I: According to classical Indian School of Logic inference for oneself is called Svartha Anumana.
Statement II: Svartha Anumana is a syllogism and has to be presented in language.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer: C. Statement I is true but Statement II is false — ConceptIn Nyāya logic, inference is classified by whom the reasoning serves. Svārthānumāna is inference used by a person to establish a conclusion for…
- A.
Both Statement I and Statement II are true
- B.
Both Statement I and Statement II are false
- C.
Statement I is true but Statement II is false
- D.
Statement I is false but Statement II is true
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: C
Concept
In Nyāya logic, inference is classified by whom the reasoning serves. Svārthānumāna is inference used by a person to establish a conclusion for oneself; parārthānumāna is inference communicated to establish it for another person.
The five-member verbal form—proposition, reason, example, application, and conclusion—belongs to the other-directed presentation. Private inference need not be cast as that spoken or written syllogism.
Application
Statement I uses the audience-based definition: “inference for oneself” names svārthānumāna. The statement is true.
Statement II assigns the verbal syllogistic presentation to svārthānumāna. That presentation characterizes parārthānumāna, so the statement is false.
Contrast
“Both Statement I and Statement II are true” mixes the self-directed classification with the other-directed verbal form.
“Both Statement I and Statement II are false” discards the self-directed classification even though the verbal-form claim is rejected.
“Statement I is true but Statement II is false” preserves the Nyāya distinction between private inference and an other-directed verbal demonstration.
“Statement I is false but Statement II is true” reverses both sides of that distinction.
Cross-check
Replacing svārtha (“for oneself”) with parārtha (“for another”) in the second statement makes its verbal-presentation claim align with the five-member Nyāya argument. This confirms why the two statements receive different truth values.
Therefore, Statement I is true but Statement II is false.