On which of the following river is the Hirakud (Hirakund) multi-purpose…

Multi-purpose river valley projects in India are identified by the specific river they are built across, and each combines flood control, irrigation, and hydropower for the region it serves; recognizing this river-to-project mapping is a standard part of Indian geography.

The Hirakud project is constructed across the Mahanadi River near Sambalpur in Odisha. Completed in 1957, it created one of the longest earthen dams in the world and one of Asia's largest artificial reservoirs, and it moderates floods in the Mahanadi delta besides supplying irrigation and hydroelectric power to the state.

The three distractor rivers each carry their own well-known projects rather than Hirakud:

• The Chambal feeds the Gandhi Sagar-Rana Pratap Sagar-Jawahar Sagar chain of dams.

• The Satluj is impounded by the Bhakra Dam.

• The Yamuna is regulated mainly through barrages such as Hathnikund and Wazirabad, not a single large multi-purpose dam.

Therefore, the Hirakud (Hirakund) multi-purpose project is constructed on the Mahanadi River.