Which State is associated with the 'Chipko Movement' to save the environment?

Environmental and forest-conservation movements in India are usually identified by the specific region and community where the protest actually began, not by whichever state historically administered that area at the time -- later state reorganisation does not change where a movement is remembered to have started.

The Chipko Movement's first confrontation took place in 1973 at Mandal village, Chamoli district, in the Garhwal Himalayas, where villagers led by Chandi Prasad Bhatt blocked loggers; its most famous episode followed in 1974 at nearby Reni village, where Gaura Devi led local women in hugging trees to stop felling. At that time this hill region was part of undivided Uttar Pradesh. In 2000 it was carved out as a separate state (initially named Uttaranchal), which was renamed Uttarakhand in 2007. In today's geography and in standard references, the Chipko Movement is therefore identified with Uttarakhand, its present-day location.

• Uttar Pradesh administered this hill territory only until the 2000 state reorganisation, after which the area was carved out into a new state; present-day Uttar Pradesh's borders do not extend there, so it is not the correct state under the current map, only the historical one.

• Jharkhand, formed from Bihar in 2000, has its own separate history of tribal forest-rights movements -- an easy mix-up, but its territory is unrelated to where the Chipko Movement's tree-hugging protests took place.

• Chhattisgarh, formed from Madhya Pradesh in 2000, lies in central India; despite sharing a forest-conservation theme, its territory is unrelated to where the Chipko Movement's tree-hugging protests took place.

Hence, among the options offered, Uttarakhand is the State associated with the Chipko Movement.