Given below are two statements : Statement I: For the Classical Indian…
2022
Given below are two statements :
Statement I: For the Classical Indian thinkers, inference (anumana) means only syllogistic inference.
Statement II: Unlike Aristotelian Syllogism, anumana involves four steps instead of three.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer: C. Statement I is true but Statement II is false — ConceptAnumāna is the broader Indian epistemic category of inference: knowledge reached from a sign or reason through an established relation. Nyāya…
- A.
Both Statement I and Statement II are true
- B.
Both Statement I and Statement II are false
- C.
Statement I is true but Statement II is false
- D.
Statement I is false but Statement II is true
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: C
Concept
Anumāna is the broader Indian epistemic category of inference: knowledge reached from a sign or reason through an established relation. Nyāya distinguishes inference for oneself from inference presented to others; the latter is expressed as a five-member syllogistic argument.
Application
This is an official UGC NET Paper 1 item, so its statements must also be read in the convention fixed by the official key:
Statement I uses “only” broadly. In the exam’s intended convention, Classical Indian proof is treated through its syllogistic presentation, and NTA’s final key accepts Statement I. The broader philosophical distinction between inference itself and its presented argument form should nevertheless be kept in view.
Statement II gives four steps. The Nyāya argument names five: pratijñā (proposition), hetu (reason), udāharaṇa (example), upanaya (application), and nigamana (conclusion). The four-step claim therefore does not fit the standard sequence.
Contrast
“Both statements are true” keeps the four-member count that conflicts with the five named members.
“Both statements are false” does not follow the official item’s intended syllogistic convention for Statement I.
“Statement I is false but Statement II is true” both departs from that exam convention and retains the four-member count.
Cross-check
The official NTA final answer key for 9 July 2022, Shift 1 records this exact Paper 1 question (ID 1501029) with Statement I true and Statement II false. Independently, the Nyāya list contains five members, not four.
Result
Under the official PYQ convention, Statement I is true and Statement II is false.