Match List I with List II. List I — Members of the Nyāya syllogism List II —…
2024
Match List I with List II.
List I — Members of the Nyāya syllogism | List II — Statements |
|---|---|
A. Upanaya | I. Whoever is a human being is mortal, as in the case of Pythagoras. |
B. Nigamana | II. Socrates is mortal. |
C. Udāharaṇa | III. Socrates is a human being who is invariably connected with mortality. |
D. Pratijñā | IV. Therefore, Socrates is mortal. |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below.
Answer: B. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II — Concept In a five-member Nyāya inference, pratijñā states the proposition, hetu gives the reason, udāharaṇa states the universal concomitance with an example,…
- A.
A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III
- B.
A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
- C.
A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
- D.
A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: B
Concept
In a five-member Nyāya inference, pratijñā states the proposition, hetu gives the reason, udāharaṇa states the universal concomitance with an example, upanaya applies that relation to the subject, and nigamana draws the conclusion.
This item asks for four of these members; the hetu is not included in List I.
Application
Statement I gives the universal relation “whoever is a human being is mortal” and illustrates it with Pythagoras. This is udāharaṇa, so C maps to I.
Statement II presents the proposition “Socrates is mortal” before the concluding marker. This is pratijñā, so D maps to II.
Statement III applies the universal relation to the subject Socrates by describing him as a human being invariably connected with mortality. This is upanaya, so A maps to III.
Statement IV begins with “Therefore” and restates the established proposition as the conclusion. This is nigamana, so B maps to IV.
Cross-check
Reading the roles in inferential order gives pratijñā (II), udāharaṇa (I), upanaya (III), and nigamana (IV); the labels therefore yield A–III, B–IV, C–I, D–II.
Thus, the matching is A–III, B–IV, C–I, D–II.