In which of the following arguments the reason is counterbalanced by another…
2023
In which of the following arguments the reason is counterbalanced by another reason as per classical Indian school of logic (Nyāya)?
(A). All things are non-eternal, because they are knowable.
(B). Fire is cold because it is a substance.
(C). Sound is eternal because it is produced.
(D). Sound is a quality, because it is visible.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
- A.
(B) and (C) only.
- B.
(A) and (D) only.
- C.
(C) and (D) only.
- D.
(B) and (D) only.
Attempted by 4 students.
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: A
In Nyāya logic, a Viruddha Hetu (counter-balanced reason) occurs when the reason contradicts the conclusion. Argument (B) claims fire is cold because it is a substance, which contradicts the inherent nature of fire. Argument (C) claims sound is eternal because it is produced, but production implies non-eternality. Therefore, arguments (B) and (C) exemplify this fallacy where the reason is counterbalanced by another reason.