Controlled group condition is applied in

Concept

A control group is a comparison group deliberately held under unchanged conditions while the investigator varies one chosen factor — the independent variable — for another group. Its purpose is to isolate the effect of that factor, so any difference in the outcome can be attributed to the manipulation rather than to background influences.

Deliberate manipulation of an independent variable, paired with an otherwise equivalent comparison condition, is the defining procedural signature of the experimental method. A design that only questions, records, or reconstructs cannot create such a condition, because the investigator changes nothing.

Application

The stem asks which kind of research applies a controlled group condition. That condition requires the investigator to place participants into a treatment condition and a comparison condition and then hold every other influence equivalent between them. Only a design in which the investigator actively intervenes can do this, so the kind of research described is Experimental Research.

Contrast

• Survey Research collects self-reported information from a sample through questionnaires, schedules, or interviews. The investigator records the responses as given and does not create treatment and comparison conditions.

• Historical Research reconstructs past events from surviving documents, archives, artefacts, and testimony. Those events are already complete, so no condition can be assigned or held equivalent by the investigator.

• Descriptive Research reports the status, characteristics, or relationships present in a situation as found at the time of study. It measures what exists without introducing an intervention to compare against.

Result

Therefore the controlled group condition is applied in Experimental Research.