Assertion (A) : Learning is a life long process. Reason (R) : Learning to be…
2017
Assertion (A) : Learning is a life long process.
Reason (R) : Learning to be useful must be linked with life processes.
Choose the correct answer from the following code :
Answer: A. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). — Concept — In educational psychology, learning is a relatively permanent change in behaviour or capability that arises from experience and interaction with the…
- A.
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
- B.
Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
- C.
(A) is true, but (R) is false.
- D.
(A) is false, but (R) is true.
Attempted by 1 students.
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: A
Concept — In educational psychology, learning is a relatively permanent change in behaviour or capability that arises from experience and interaction with the environment. An Assertion–Reason code is settled in two stages: first judge each statement true or false on its own, and only then judge whether the Reason supplies the ground from which the Assertion follows. A Reason can be perfectly true and still not be the explanation, so the second stage is a separate test and never a formality.
Application
Truth of the Assertion. Experience and interaction with the environment do not stop at any stage of life, so change in behaviour and capability keeps occurring from infancy through adulthood and old age, and in formal, non-formal and informal settings alike. The lifespan claim therefore stands; it is the accepted principle of continuing or lifelong education.
Truth of the Reason. The usefulness of learning is judged by its transfer to the situations a person actually lives through — work, adjustment, relationships, problem-solving. This is Dewey’s position that education is life itself rather than a preparation for a later life. The life-linkage claim therefore stands as well.
The explanatory link. The life processes to which learning must be tied are themselves continuous: a person keeps working, adjusting and solving problems for as long as they live. If learning is useful only when it is tied to those ongoing processes, then useful learning must itself continue for as long as they do. The lifespan claim follows from the life-linkage claim, so the Reason is the ground of the Assertion and not merely a second true remark set beside it.
Cross-check
Independence test. For two true statements to be logically independent, the Reason’s content must leave the Assertion’s claim untouched. Here the Reason’s content is life processes, whose span is exactly the span the Assertion is about, so independence fails.
Falsity tests. Denying the lifespan claim would confine learning to a schooling stage, contradicting the principle of continuing education. Denying the life-linkage claim would make learning useful in isolation from lived experience, contradicting the transfer criterion of usefulness. Neither denial survives.
Result — both statements are true and the Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion: learning is lifelong precisely because usefulness requires it to be tied to life processes that themselves run the whole length of life.