Given below are two statements: Statement I: In explicit long-term memory,…
2023
Given below are two statements:
Statement I: In explicit long-term memory, bits of information may be stored and interrelated in terms of propositional networks.
Statement II: Implicit long-term memories are out-of-awareness memories that cannot affect thinking and behavior.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
Answer: C. Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect — ConceptLong-term memory includes explicit (declarative) and implicit (nondeclarative) systems. Explicit memory supports conscious recall of facts and events,…
- A.
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
- B.
Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
- C.
Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
- D.
Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
Attempted by 2 students.
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: C
Concept
Long-term memory includes explicit (declarative) and implicit (nondeclarative) systems. Explicit memory supports conscious recall of facts and events, and knowledge can be represented as linked propositions in semantic networks.
Implicit memory operates without deliberate conscious recollection, yet it can influence performance, judgment, and behavior through skills, habits, conditioning, and priming.
Application
Statement I is consistent with propositional-network accounts of explicit knowledge. Statement II correctly describes implicit memory as outside conscious awareness, but its claim that such memory cannot affect thinking or behavior contradicts priming and procedural-learning effects.
Contrast
“Both Statement I and Statement II are correct” treats lack of awareness as lack of influence, although implicit memory can guide performance.
“Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect” rejects the supported propositional-network description of explicit knowledge.
“Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct” reverses both relevant distinctions: explicit knowledge may be relationally organized, and implicit memory may affect behavior.
Cross-check
A learned motor skill or a priming effect may change a response even when the person cannot consciously recollect the learning episode. This independently confirms that awareness is not required for memory to influence behavior.
Therefore, Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect.