Which of the following is used as a data-collection tool in research?

Concept

Research tools are instruments used to systematically obtain or record data from participants, observations, or documents. Common data-collection tools include questionnaires, interview schedules, observation checklists, and tests.

Application

A questionnaire presents a predesigned set of questions and records participants’ responses. It therefore functions directly as a data-collection instrument in research.

Contrast and cross-check

• Graph: visually displays relationships or patterns in data after the data have been collected.

• Illustration: visually explains or depicts an idea, object, or process.

• Questionnaire: obtains responses directly from participants through a structured set of questions.

• Diagram: schematically shows the structure, arrangement, or relationship of parts.

The stage of use provides a cross-check: the questionnaire obtains responses before analysis, whereas the other three values communicate or organize information.

Result

Therefore, the research data-collection tool among the given values is Questionnaire.