Which of the following statement is not True?

Correct answer: The scope resolution operator (::) can be overloaded like normal operators — this statement is not true.

Why this is not true:

• The scope resolution operator (::) is a built-in language operator used for namespace and class scope resolution. C++ does not allow overloading of certain fundamental operators, including ::, because their behavior is intrinsic to language semantics.

• Other examples of operators that cannot be overloaded include the member access operator (.), the pointer-to-member operator (.*), the conditional operator (?:), and sizeof. These are reserved by the language.

Brief confirmations of the other statements:

• A data member declared static is shared by all instances of the class and is used to maintain values common to the class (for example, a class-level counter).

• A friend function can be called like a normal (non-member) function without needing an object, but it is granted access to the class's private and protected members by the friend declaration.

• Multiple inheritance can cause duplication of a common base class when it is inherited via multiple paths; declaring that common base as a virtual base class causes a single shared instance to be used, avoiding duplication.

Conclusion: The only incorrect statement is the one claiming the scope resolution operator can be overloaded; the other statements are correct for the reasons given above.