Pick up the correct answer in the context of logic and language: A.…
2024
Pick up the correct answer in the context of logic and language:
A. Emotionally colored language is appropriate for logical expressions.
B. A dispute is a disagreement in belief about fact.
C. A question is a form of assertion.
D. "In as much as" is a premise indicator.
E. A sentence is a desirable component of logical argument.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer: A. B and D Only — Concept: Logic examines arguments, and an argument is built out of propositions — declarative claims that are capable of being true or false. Three vocabulary…
- A.
B and D Only
- B.
C and E Only
- C.
A and E Only
- D.
C and D Only
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: A
Concept:
Logic examines arguments, and an argument is built out of propositions — declarative claims that are capable of being true or false. Three vocabulary rules follow from this. Logical discourse uses informative, emotionally neutral language, because emotive colouring persuades through feeling rather than through evidence. Indicator words such as "since", "because", "for", "seeing that" and "in as much as" mark the proposition being offered as evidence, that is, the premise. And only declarative sentences express propositions: questions, commands and exclamations assert nothing, so they can be neither premise nor conclusion. Alongside these, a genuine dispute is a disagreement in belief about what is the case, as opposed to a merely verbal dispute, which turns only on how a word is being used.
Application to the five statements:
Statement | Standard position | Reason |
|---|---|---|
A. Emotionally coloured language is appropriate for logical expression | Not accepted | Logic demands neutral, informative language. Emotive colouring works on feeling and hides the truth value of the claim being made. |
B. A dispute is a disagreement in belief about fact | Accepted | In the standard account a genuine dispute is a disagreement in belief: the two parties assert incompatible propositions about what is the case. |
C. A question is a form of assertion | Not accepted | A question asserts nothing. It is neither true nor false, so it expresses no proposition and cannot enter an argument. |
D. "In as much as" is a premise indicator | Accepted | It belongs with "since", "because", "for" and "seeing that". The clause it introduces is put forward as evidence for the conclusion. |
E. A sentence is a desirable component of logical argument | Not accepted | The component of an argument is the proposition. A sentence only expresses one, and non-declarative sentences express none at all. |
Cross-check:
Two statements survive the test: the dispute claim and the "in as much as" premise-indicator claim.
Every pairing that names the emotive-language claim, the question-as-assertion claim, or the sentence-as-component claim carries a rejected statement with it.
The only pairing that names exactly the two surviving statements is "B and D Only".
Answer: B and D Only.