Which logical fallacy is in the following statement: - "Those who lack…

2023

Which logical fallacy is in the following statement: - "Those who lack humility, lack aesthetic sense because the person who has aesthetic sense also has humility"?

  1. A.

    Equivocation

  2. B.

    Begging the question

  3. C.

    Fallacy of composition

  4. D.

    Hasty generalization

Attempted by 10 students.

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Correct answer: B

The statement commits the fallacy of begging the question, also known as circular reasoning. The argument claims that those without humility lack aesthetic sense because anyone with aesthetic sense possesses humility. This reasoning is circular because it assumes the conclusion (that aesthetic sense requires humility) as a premise to prove itself. The statement does not provide independent evidence for the link between humility and aesthetic sense; it merely restates the same idea in different words. Equivocation is incorrect because no key term shifts meaning mid-argument. The fallacy of composition involves incorrectly inferring that what is true of parts must be true of the whole, which does not apply here. Similarly, hasty generalization involves drawing broad conclusions from insufficient evidence, whereas this argument fails to offer any external evidence at all. Therefore, the reasoning is fundamentally circular and self-justifying.

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