There are three cards in a box. Both sides of one card are black, both sides…

2016

There are three cards in a box. Both sides of one card are black, both sides of one card are red, and the third card has one black side and one red side. We pick a card at random and observe only one side.

What is the probability that the opposite side is the same colour as the one side we observed ?

  1. A.

    3/4

  2. B.

    2/3

  3. C.

    1/2

  4. D.

    1/3

Attempted by 65 students.

Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B

Answer: 2/3

Explanation by counting faces:

  • List the cards and their faces: one card has two black faces, one has two red faces, and one has one black and one red face. That gives 6 faces in total.

  • Count faces whose opposite side is the same colour: the two black faces on the double-black card both have black on the opposite side (2), and the two red faces on the double-red card both have red on the opposite side (2). The mixed card's faces have opposite colours, so contribute 0.

  • So there are 4 favourable faces out of 6 total faces, giving probability 4/6 = 2/3.

Alternative conditional view: if you observe a black face, there are 3 black faces in total and 2 of them come from the double-black card, so the chance the opposite is black is 2/3 (and similarly for observing red).

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