Match the LIST-I with LIST-II: LIST-I (Author) LIST-II (Books) A. Bourdieu, P.…

Concept: An author-to-work matching item in media studies is settled by anchoring every title to the theoretical project it grew out of, not by elimination. A title carries the signature of its tradition: the Frankfurt School critique of standardised mass culture, Bourdieu’s sociology of symbolic power turned against the opinion survey, Castells’ network-society account of digital communication, and the British cultural-studies habit of reading each media theory as an implicit theory of society.

Application: Anchor each title to the author whose programme it belongs to.

1. Pierre Bourdieu delivered L’opinion publique n’existe pas — Public Opinion Does Not Exist — as a 1972 lecture (published 1973; English translation 1979). He argues that opinion polling rests on three unwarranted postulates: that everyone is able to hold an opinion, that all opinions carry equal weight, and that there is agreement on which questions are worth asking. This places Public Opinion Does Not Exist with Bourdieu, P.

2. Manuel Castells followed his Information Age trilogy on the network society with The Internet Galaxy: Reflections on the Internet, Business and Society (Oxford University Press, 2001), which traces how the internet’s open architecture and its hacker, entrepreneurial and communitarian cultures reorganise business and social life. This places The Internet Galaxy with Manuel Castells.

3. The Culture Industry: Enlightenment as Mass Deception is the central chapter of Dialectic of Enlightenment (written 1944, published 1947) by Theodor W. Adorno and Max Horkheimer, which argues that industrially standardised culture sells sameness as choice and trains audiences into conformity. This places The Culture Industry: Enlightenment as Mass Deception with Adorno, T. and Horkheimer, M.

4. Tony Bennett’s essay Theories of the Media, Theories of Society appears in Culture, Society and the Media (Gurevitch, Bennett, Curran and Woollacott, 1982). It reads mass-society, liberal-pluralist and Marxist accounts of the media as expressions of the social theory each one presupposes. This places Theories of Media, Theories of Society with Bennett, T.

Cross-check: The two swaps a candidate is most likely to make are chronological impossibilities. The Internet Galaxy is a 2001 study of a network technology and belongs to Castells’ programme, not to Bourdieu, whose target was the survey apparatus of the early 1970s. Equally, The Culture Industry is a wartime Frankfurt School chapter, roughly four decades earlier than Bennett’s 1982 cultural-studies survey, so the two cannot be exchanged.

Result: the matching that survives every anchor is: