Deliberate Sampling is also known as __________.

Concept — Every sampling design belongs to one of two families, and the dividing line is how a unit gets into the sample. In probability sampling a randomising device (a lottery draw, a random-number table, a systematic interval started from a randomly chosen point) gives every unit of the population a known, non-zero chance of selection. In non-probability sampling the researcher's own purpose, judgement or convenience decides, so no unit carries a known selection probability.

Application — In deliberate sampling the investigator deliberately picks the items that, in their own judgement, are typical or representative of the population; no randomising device is used at any stage. Because inclusion rests entirely on that judgement, the selection probabilities are unknown, which places deliberate sampling inside the non-probability family. Its long-standing textbook synonyms are purposive sampling and judgement sampling. Deliberate sampling is therefore the same thing as purposive, non-probability sampling.

Cross-check — Compare the four labels by value:

• Purposive or Non-Probability Sampling — internally consistent: purposive selection is judgement-based, and judgement-based selection is by definition non-probability. This is the pairing that names deliberate sampling.

• Purposive or Probability Sampling — internally inconsistent: a probability design replaces the researcher's judgement with randomisation, so one design cannot be purposive and probabilistic at the same time.

• Quota Sampling — a named non-probability design in which control categories (age group, sex, income slab) are fixed in advance and interviewers fill a set number in each; a technique inside the family, not another name for deliberate sampling.

• Snowball Sampling — a named non-probability design in which initial respondents refer further respondents, used to reach hidden or hard-to-list populations; again a technique of its own, not another name.

Result — Deliberate sampling = purposive (judgement) sampling, a non-probability method, so it is known as purposive or non-probability sampling. Note the trap: quota and snowball sampling are non-probability methods too, but they are designs in their own right, whereas purposive is a genuine alternative name for deliberate sampling.