Which of the following were visualised by the National Policy on Education,…
2023
Which of the following were visualised by the National Policy on Education, 1986 vis-à-vis higher education?
A. Complete privatisation of higher education
B. Consolidation and expansion of institutions
C. Training of teachers
D. Development of autonomous colleges
E. Strengthening of research
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer: C. B, C, D and E only — ConceptA policy-identification question is solved by matching each statement to the policy’s stated programme, not merely to a desirable educational goal.…
- A.
A, B and C only
- B.
A, C and D only
- C.
B, C, D and E only
- D.
A, D and E only
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: C
Concept
A policy-identification question is solved by matching each statement to the policy’s stated programme, not merely to a desirable educational goal. Ownership change, institutional development, teacher capacity, academic autonomy, and research support are distinct policy mechanisms.
Application
In the higher-education section of the National Policy on Education, 1986 and its Programme of Action, the relevant measures are:
Consolidation and expansion: improve and expand facilities in existing institutions.
Training of teachers: strengthen teaching through orientation and refresher programmes.
Development of autonomous colleges: give colleges greater academic freedom together with accountability.
Strengthening of research: build research capacity as part of improving higher-education quality.
Cross-check and contrast
The ownership claim must be separated from the policy’s institutional-improvement measures:
Statement values | Policy test |
|---|---|
Complete privatisation of higher education | Not listed as the higher-education programme; it would change ownership rather than improve the existing institutional system. |
Consolidation and expansion of institutions; training of teachers; development of autonomous colleges; strengthening of research | These correspond to institutional consolidation, teacher development, college autonomy, and research strengthening. |
Therefore, the supported combination consists of consolidation and expansion of institutions, training of teachers, development of autonomous colleges, and strengthening of research.