Identify the approaches to assessment that require performance in context. (A)…

Concept

Authentic or performance assessment asks learners to produce, demonstrate, or apply knowledge in a meaningful context.

It gathers direct evidence from sustained artifacts or an observable performance, rather than treating a preparatory cue, discussion routine, or reward system as the assessment itself.

Application

• Portfolios compile selected learner work over time, so they show applied performance and development through contextual artifacts.

• Exhibitions require learners to present, demonstrate, or defend their work before others, making performance in context directly observable.

• Priming activates prior associations or readiness; it is a preparatory psychological process.

• Think-Pair-Share structures individual thinking and peer discussion; it is primarily an instructional interaction routine.

• Token reinforcement uses symbolic rewards to strengthen behaviour; it is a behaviour-management technique.

Cross-check and result

Using the direct-evidence test, only portfolios and exhibitions themselves require assessable work or performance in a meaningful setting. Therefore, the applicable approaches are portfolios and exhibitions.