Read the given data carefully and answer the following question. A total of…
2021
Read the given data carefully and answer the following question. A total of 1080 (fabric + paper) bags were sold by shops A, B and C. (i) Shop A sold 25% more (paper + fabric) bags than shop B. (ii) Shop B sold an equal number of paper and fabric bags. (iii) The number of paper bags sold by shop B is double the number of fabric bags sold by shop A. (iv) The number of paper bags sold by shop C is 50% of the fabric bags sold by shop A. (v) The number of fabric bags sold by shop C is 25% of the fabric bags sold by shop B. What is the difference between the average number of paper bags sold by all the shops and the average number of fabric bags sold by all the shops?
- A.
110
- B.
108
- C.
106
- D.
103
- E.
115
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: B
Concept
Concept: To compare the averages of two groups taken over the same set of items (here, 3 shops), the difference of the averages equals the difference of the totals divided by the number of items: |average(paper) - average(fabric)| = |total(paper) - total(fabric)| / 3. So we first build the full shop-wise table of paper and fabric counts from the given conditions, then take totals.
Application
Let the number of fabric bags sold by shop A be x. From condition (iii), paper bags of B = 2x, and from condition (ii), fabric of B = paper of B = 2x.
From condition (i), A's total = 25% more than B's total = 1.25 x (2x + 2x) = 5x. Since A's fabric = x, A's paper = 5x - x = 4x.
From condition (iv), paper of C = 50% of A's fabric = 0.5x. From condition (v), fabric of C = 25% of B's fabric = 0.25 x 2x = 0.5x.
Sum of all six counts = 4x + x + 2x + 2x + 0.5x + 0.5x = 10x = 1080, so x = 108.
Paper total = 4x + 2x + 0.5x = 6.5x = 702; Fabric total = x + 2x + 0.5x = 3.5x = 378.
Difference of averages = |702 - 378| / 3 = 324 / 3 = 108.
Shop-wise distribution
Shop | Paper bags | Fabric bags |
|---|---|---|
A | 432 | 108 |
B | 216 | 216 |
C | 54 | 54 |
Total | 702 | 378 |
Cross-check: All counts come out as whole numbers (A: 432 paper, 108 fabric; B: 216 paper, 216 fabric; C: 54 paper, 54 fabric), they sum to 1080, and every condition holds, confirming the result.