Gagan, if facing towards North and turns 45o anticlockwise. After that he…

In a direction-test problem, a clockwise turn increases the compass bearing measured from North (moving via East), while an anticlockwise turn decreases it (moving via West). The four cardinal directions are 90° apart, and each intercardinal direction (like North-East) sits exactly halfway between two cardinals, 45° from each.

1. Gagan starts facing North, i.e., a bearing of 0°.

2. He turns 45° anticlockwise, so his bearing decreases to 0° − 45° = −45°, which is the same as 315° — facing North-West.

3. He then turns 90° clockwise from North-West: 315° + 90° = 405°, which wraps around to 45° — facing North-East.

Cross-check: the two turns combine to a single net rotation of −45° + 90° = +45° clockwise from North, i.e., 45° clockwise from the starting direction — landing directly on North-East, confirming the step-by-step result.

So, after both turns, Gagan is finally facing North-East.