Explain the difference between bit rate and baud rate. What baud rate is…

Concept

Bit rate is the rate at which information bits are conveyed, measured in bits per second (bit/s). Baud rate is the rate at which signal elements or symbols are transmitted, measured in baud (symbols per second).

If one signal element carries r data bits on average, the relation is S = N/r, where N is the bit rate and S is the baud rate. Manchester encoding represents each data bit by two consecutive half-bit signal elements, so r = 1/2 bit per signal element and S = 2N.

Application

1. Given bit rate: N = 10 Mb/s.

2. For Manchester encoding, r = 1/2 bit per signal element.

3. Therefore, S = N/r = 10/(1/2) = 20 Mbaud.

Cross-check

At 10 Mb/s, one bit lasts 0.1 microsecond. Manchester encoding divides it into two signal intervals of 0.05 microsecond each; 1/(0.05 microsecond) = 20 million signal elements per second, which is 20 Mbaud.

Hence, the required baud rate is 20 Mbaud.