In a classroom, the teacher should focus on : (A) One-way communication (B)…

Concept

Effective classroom teaching is learner-centred and two-way. The teacher keeps a return channel open so that learners' responses can shape the lesson, treats the cultural plurality of the class as something to be harmonised rather than ignored, adapts the physical and procedural setting of the room to differing needs, and accepts guidance and counselling as part of the teaching role. Any practice that closes the return channel or withdraws learner support pulls against this principle.

Application

Each listed practice is tested against that principle:

• One-way communication: the message runs from teacher to learner only. With no return channel the teacher cannot detect misunderstanding or adjust the lesson, so it pulls against the two-way principle.

• Inter-cultural harmony: a class brings together learners of different languages, regions and cultures. Building harmony turns that plurality into a shared resource and prevents exclusion, so it supports the principle.

• Student feedback: learners' responses are the return channel itself. They tell the teacher what to re-explain, what to slow down and what to change, so they support the principle.

• Creating flexible environment: seating, grouping, pace, materials and assessment are adjusted to varied abilities and learning styles instead of forcing one fixed arrangement on everyone, so it supports the principle.

• Avoidance of counselling: guidance and counselling belong to the teacher's role as guide and mentor. Avoiding them withdraws support exactly where a learner needs it, so it pulls against the principle.

Cross-check

The three practices that survive the test are inter-cultural harmony, student feedback and creating flexible environment. Every other listed combination carries either one-way communication or avoidance of counselling, and each of those shuts down the learner's voice or the learner's support.

Answer

(B), (C), (D) Only — inter-cultural harmony, student feedback and creating flexible environment.