In each of the following questions two statements are given and these…

2024

In each of the following questions two statements are given and these statements are followed by

two conclusions numbered (1) and (2). You have to take the given two statements to be true even if

they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read the conclusions and then decide

which of the given conclusions logically follows from the two given statements, disregarding

commonly known facts.

Give answer:

(A) If only (1) conclusion follows

(B) If only (2) conclusion follows

(C) If either (1) or (2) follows

(D) If neither (1) nor (2) follows and

(E) If both (1) and (2) follow

Statement:

Some gold are bright. . Some bright are silver

Conclusion:

1. Some gold are silver

2. Some bright are gold.

  1. A.

    A

  2. B.

    B

  3. C.

    C

  4. D.

    D

Attempted by 38 students.

Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B

Answer: Only the conclusion 'Some bright are gold' follows.

  • Translate the premises: 'Some gold are bright' means there exists at least one object that is both gold and bright. 'Some bright are silver' means there exists at least one object that is both bright and silver.

  • Existential statements are symmetric: from 'Some gold are bright' we can directly infer 'Some bright are gold' because the same object that is gold and bright shows there exists a bright object that is gold.

  • There is no guarantee that the gold which is bright is also silver; the two 'some' premises could concern different bright objects. Therefore 'Some gold are silver' does not necessarily follow.

Hence, only the conclusion 'Some bright are gold' follows from the given premises.

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