Given below are two statements, one labeled as Assertion (A) and the other as…
2021
Given below are two statements, one labeled as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R). Assertion (A): Fundamental Rights are so important that the Constitution itself ensures that even the government cannot violate them. Reason (R): They are mentioned in the Directive Principles of State Policy. Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Answer: D. (A) is true, but (R) is false — ConceptFundamental Rights are constitutionally guaranteed, justiciable rights contained in Part III of the Constitution. Directive Principles of State Policy…
- A.
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
- B.
(A) is false, but (R) is true
- C.
Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
- D.
(A) is true, but (R) is false
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Correct answer: D
Concept
Fundamental Rights are constitutionally guaranteed, justiciable rights contained in Part III of the Constitution. Directive Principles of State Policy are non-justiciable principles of governance contained separately in Part IV.
In an assertion–reason item, each statement must first be tested independently; only if both are true should their explanatory relationship be examined.
Application
The assertion is true: Fundamental Rights bind the State, laws inconsistent with them can be void under Article 13, and constitutional remedies are available for their enforcement.
The reason is false: Fundamental Rights are not placed in the Directive Principles. Fundamental Rights are in Part III, whereas the Directive Principles are in Part IV.
Cross-check
The Constitution itself separates the two groups: Part III is titled Fundamental Rights, while Part IV is titled Directive Principles of State Policy. Article 37 also states that the Directive Principles are not enforceable by any court.
Contrast
“Both A and R are true, with R explaining A” assigns truth to a reason that places Fundamental Rights in the wrong constitutional part.
“A is false, but R is true” reverses the independent truth values of both statements.
“Both A and R are true, but R does not explain A” still treats the placement stated in the reason as true.
“A is true, but R is false” matches the independent evaluation of the two statements.
Result
Therefore, the applicable combination is: Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.