Statements: The average number of persons per household is 5 in urban areas…

In statement–conclusion reasoning, a conclusion ‘follows’ only when it is a definite inference drawn strictly from the information explicitly given in the statement — it must not rely on outside knowledge, an unstated assumption, or a different measurement/variable than the one supplied.

The statement supplies only one measurement: the average number of persons per household — 5 in urban areas and 7 in rural areas (with a national average of 6). Any conclusion must be checked against exactly this measurement and nothing more.

• Conclusion I (population density per unit area in rural vs. urban): density depends on how many households occupy a given area, a figure the statement never provides — this introduces information beyond what's stated, so it does not follow.

• Conclusion II (persons per household in rural vs. urban): the statement directly gives 7 for rural and 5 for urban, so stating that rural households have more members than urban ones is a direct restatement of the given figures — it follows.

Checking against the answer options: since only conclusion II is supported and conclusion I is not, the pairing ‘either/or’ (which requires the two conclusions to be mutually exclusive alternatives about the same measurement) does not apply here, and dismissing both (‘neither’) would ignore that one conclusion is directly derivable from the given numbers.

Only conclusion II follows.