Consider a system with only virtual addresses, but no concept of virtual…

Consider a system with only virtual addresses, but no concept of virtual memory or demand paging. The total memory access time is the time to access code/data from an address in physical memory, including the time to resolve the address (via the TLB or page tables) and the actual physical memory access itself. When a virtual address is resolved by the TLB the total memory access time to be (an approximately constant value of) Th . Similarly, when the virtual address is not in the TLB, the total memory access time is observed to be Tm . If the average total memory access time of the system (averaged across all memory accesses, including TLB hits as well as misses) is observed to be Tx . The fraction of memory addresses are resolved by the TLB is given by