Two statements are given below followed by two conclusions numbered as I and…
2024
Two statements are given below followed by two conclusions numbered as I and II respectively. Consider the given statements as true even if they seem to be not. After reading all the conclusions conform which of the given conclusions logically follows, disregarding commonly known facts.
Statements:
I. Some bright are deems.
II. No deem is beauty.
Conclusions:
I. Some deems are bright.
II. No bright is beauty.
- A.
If only conclusion I follows.
- B.
If only conclusion II follows.
- C.
If either conclusion I or II follows.
- D.
If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: A
Concept
A particular affirmative statement of the form "Some A are B" always converts directly to "Some B are A" — this immediate inference (conversion) is always valid.
When a particular affirmative "Some A are B" is combined with a universal negative "No B are C" sharing the middle term B, the only valid mediate inference is the particular negative "Some A are not C" — never the stronger universal negative "No A are C".
Application
Statement I, "Some bright are deems", converts directly to "Some deems are bright" — this is exactly Conclusion I, so Conclusion I is validly derived.
Combining Statement I ("Some bright are deems") with Statement II ("No deem is beauty") through the middle term "deem" yields only "Some bright are not beauty" (a particular negative) — not the universal negative "No bright is beauty" stated in Conclusion II.
Cross-check
Since the mediate combination of the two statements produces only a particular negative, and Conclusion II asserts a universal negative, Conclusion II cannot be validly drawn. Only Conclusion I follows from the given statements.