In each question below is given a statement followed by two conclusions…
2025
In each question below is given a statement followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to assume everything in the statement to be true, then consider the two conclusions together and decide which of them logically follows beyond a reasonable doubt from the information given in the statement.
Statements: Money plays a vital role in politics.
Conclusions:
i. The poor can never become politicians.
ii. All the rich men take part in politics.
- A.
Only conclusion I follows
- B.
Only conclusion II follows
- C.
Either I or II follows
- D.
Neither I nor II follows
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: D
Concept: In Statement-and-Conclusion reasoning, a conclusion "follows" only when it is a logical certainty forced by the statement — not a plausible guess, not an assumption about unstated cases, and not a reversal (converse) of the relationship the statement actually gives.
Application: Here the statement only says money plays a vital role in politics — i.e. money is an important factor in political life. It says nothing about whether money is the ONLY requirement, and nothing about the reverse direction (whether everyone who has money goes into politics).
Conclusion I treats "money is vital" as an absolute, exclusive requirement, concluding poverty rules out a political career entirely — the statement never rules out other routes (organisational support, party backing) for someone without personal wealth.
Conclusion II reverses the statement's direction, turning "money matters to politics" into "every rich person takes part in politics" — a converse error the statement does not support.
Cross-check: Neither claim survives a counter-case consistent with the statement — a poor candidate can win office through party or crowd support without personal wealth, and many wealthy people never enter politics at all, without contradicting "money plays a vital role" for those who do run. Since a valid counter-case exists for each, neither is a forced certainty, so neither I nor II follows.