Read the following passage carefully and answer the following questions:…
20242023
Read the following passage carefully and answer the following questions:
Organizations are institutions in which members compete for status and power. They compete for resource of the organization, for example finance to expand their own departments, for career advancement and for power to control the activities of others. In pursuit of these aims, groups are formed and sectional interests emerge. As a result, policy decisions may serve the ends of political and career systems rather than those of the concern. In this way, the goals of the organization may be displaced in favor of sectional interests and individual ambition. These preoccupations sometimes prevent the emergence of organic systems. Many of the electronic firms in the study had recently created research and development departments employing highly qualified and well paid scientists and technicians. Their high pay and expert knowledge were sometimes seen as a threat to the established order of rank, power and privilege. Many senior managers had little knowledge of technicality and possibilities of new developments and electronics. Some felt that close cooperation with the experts in an organic system would reveal their ignorance and show their experience was now redundant.
"Organic system" as related to the organization implies its
- A.
growth with the help of expert knowledge
- B.
growth with input from science and technology
- C.
steady all around development
- D.
natural and unimpeded growth
Attempted by 1 students.
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: B
Answer: growth with input from science and technology
Evidence: The passage describes many firms creating research and development departments employing highly qualified and well-paid scientists and technicians.
Reasoning: The discussion about managers fearing that close cooperation with technical experts would reveal their ignorance shows that an ‘‘organic system’’ involves integrating scientific and technological expertise into the organization as a systemic change.
Why other interpretations are less accurate: The passage does not describe mere help from individual experts, general all-round development, or natural unimpeded growth. Instead it highlights the specific role of science and technology and political barriers that can block such integration.