Read the following passage carefully and answer the following questions:…
20252024
Read the following passage carefully and answer the following questions:
Organizations are institutions in which members compete for status and power. They compete for resource of the organization, for example finance to expand their own departments, for career advancement and for power to control the activities of others. In pursuit of these aims, groups are formed and sectional interests emerge. As a result, policy decisions may serve the ends of political and career systems rather than those of the concern. In this way, the goals of the organization may be displaced in favor of sectional interests and individual ambition. These preoccupations sometimes prevent the emergence of organic systems. Many of the electronic firms in the study had recently created research and development departments employing highly qualified and well paid scientists and technicians. Their high pay and expert knowledge were sometimes seen as a threat to the established order of rank, power and privilege. Many senior managers had little knowledge of technicality and possibilities of new developments and electronics. Some felt that close cooperation with the experts in an organic system would reveal their ignorance and show their experience was now redundant.
The author makes out a case for
- A.
organic system
- B.
research and Development in organizations
- C.
an understanding between senior and middle level executives
- D.
a refresher course for senior managers
Attempted by 3 students.
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: A
Answer: the author argues for an organic system.
Why this is correct:
The passage describes how sectional interests and competition for status and power can displace organizational goals.
It notes that research and development departments employ experts whose knowledge is sometimes seen as a threat by senior managers, causing resistance to collaboration.
The author recommends an organic system so that experts and managers cooperate and organizational development can be driven by technical possibilities rather than by political or career concerns.
Why the other choices are less appropriate:
Research and development is discussed as an example, but the central recommendation is the organizational form (organic system) that allows such departments to function effectively.
An understanding between senior and middle level executives is desirable, but it is only one aspect of the broader structural change the author advocates.
A refresher course for senior managers would not by itself resolve the deeper problems of power, sectional interests, and organizational structure described in the passage.
Conclusion: The passage advocates an organic system that fosters cooperation between technical experts and management, so the response identifying an organic system best captures the author’s main point.