With reference to the Governor of Madhya Pradesh, which of the following…

Concept: Under the Constitution of India, a State Legislature is a composite constitutional body rather than just its elected House(s), and certain categories of legislation carry a special procedural safeguard tied to the Governor's office. Article 168(1) fixes the composition of every State Legislature. Article 207(1) fixes a special introduction-stage safeguard for Money Bills (as defined in Article 199).

Application:

1. Article 168(1) provides that for a State with a Legislative Council the Legislature consists of the Governor and the two Houses, and for a State with only a Legislative Assembly (such as Madhya Pradesh) the Legislature consists of the Governor and the Assembly. Either way, the Governor is named as a constituent part of the State Legislature, so statement 1 holds.

2. Article 207(1) provides that a Bill covering the Money Bill matters listed in Article 199(1) shall not be introduced in a State Legislature except on the recommendation of the Governor. That prior-recommendation requirement is what statement 2 describes, so statement 2 also holds.

Cross-check: The Union-level provisions run on an identical structure — Article 79 names the President as part of Parliament, and Article 117(1) requires the President's recommendation before a Money Bill is introduced in Parliament. The Governor-State Legislature relationship mirrors this President-Parliament relationship, which confirms both readings independently of any single source.

Result: Since both statement 1 (Governor as part of the State Legislature, Article 168) and statement 2 (Governor's prior recommendation required for Money Bills, Article 207) are constitutionally accurate, the correct code is Both 1 and 2.

Contrast with the other codes:

• Only 1 keeps the Article 168 composition point but drops the Article 207 Money-Bill recommendation point, so it is incomplete.

• Only 2 keeps the Article 207 Money-Bill recommendation point but drops the Article 168 composition point, so it is incomplete.

• Neither 1 nor 2 rejects both provisions, which conflicts with the plain text of both Article 168 and Article 207.

• Both 1 and 2 is the only code that accounts for both provisions together, and it is the correct answer.