The treaty of "Surji Arjun Gaon" was signed between:

The Second Anglo-Maratha War (1803-1805) was fought between the British East India Company and the major Maratha powers of central and northern India; as each power was defeated or reached a settlement, the British concluded a separate peace treaty with it, named after the town where that treaty was signed.

Applying this framework to the four Maratha powers involved:

1. Raghuji II Bhonsle of Nagpur signed the Treaty of Deogaon (17 December 1803), ceding Cuttack and Balasore to the British.

2. Peshwa Baji Rao II had already accepted British subsidiary-alliance terms under the Treaty of Bassein (31 December 1802), before the wars main battles began.

3. Daulat Rao Scindia of Gwalior signed the Treaty of Surji-Anjangaon (30 December 1803), ceding the Ganga-Yamuna Doab, Delhi, Agra, and parts of Bundelkhand.

4. Jaswant Rao Holkar, who kept fighting after the others had made peace, signed the Treaty of Rajghat only in December 1805.

Cross-checking against the treatys known provisions -- cession of the Ganga-Yamuna Doab, Delhi and Agra -- these are exactly the territories under Scindias control in 1803, confirming that Surji-Anjangaon was signed with Scindia, not Bhonsle, the Peshwa, or Holkar.

Hence, the Treaty of "Surji Arjun Gaon" (Surji-Anjangaon) was signed between the British and Scindia.