Match the stages of morality with their level, under the Moral Development…
2023
Match the stages of morality with their level, under the Moral Development theory of Kohlberg:
Stages of Morality (नैतिकता की अवस्था) Level of Morality (नैतिकता का स्तर) (a) Good interpersonal relations (अच्छे अन्तर्वैयक्तिक संबंध) I. Pre-conventional (पूर्व-परम्परागत) (b) Individualism and exchange (व्यक्तिवाद एवं विनिमय) II. Conventional (परम्परागत) (c) Social contracts and individual rights (सामाजिक अनुबंध एवं वैयक्तिक अधिकार) III. Post-conventional (उत्तर-परम्परागत) (d) Universal principles (सार्वभौमिक नियम)
- A.
(a)-I, (b)-III, (c)-II, (d)-I
- B.
(a)-III, (b)-II, (c)-III, (d)-I
- C.
(a)-II, (b)-III, (c)-I, (d)-II
- D.
(a)-II, (b)-I, (c)-III, (d)-III
Attempted by 15 students.
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: D
Concept: Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development groups moral reasoning into three levels, each with two stages, describing how reasoning matures from self-interest to social conformity to abstract principle: Level I Pre-conventional (obedience-and-punishment; individualism-and-exchange), Level II Conventional (good interpersonal relationships; maintaining social order), Level III Post-conventional (social contract and individual rights; universal ethical principles).
Application: Mapping each stage to its level:
Stage | Level |
|---|---|
Good interpersonal relations | Conventional (II) |
Individualism and exchange | Pre-conventional (I) |
Social contracts and individual rights | Post-conventional (III) |
Universal principles | Post-conventional (III) |
This gives the pairing (a)-II, (b)-I, (c)-III, (d)-III.
Cross-check: Both social contracts/individual rights and universal principles involve abstract, principle-based reasoning beyond mere approval or authority, confirming both belong at the post-conventional level, while individualism/exchange (self-interest) sits at the earliest, pre-conventional level and good interpersonal relations (approval-seeking) sits at the conventional level -- both positioned earlier in the developmental sequence than the two post-conventional stages.
Result: The mapping (a)-II, (b)-I, (c)-III, (d)-III is Kohlberg's correct classification of these four stages.