Higher education institutions can develop the best partnership with schools by:

Facilitates faculty and staff exchanges, mentoring, and joint professional development that reinforce training.

Supports many students and teachers at once, promoting equity and wider impact rather than benefiting only a few.

Allows co-creation of curriculum, projects, and assessments that connect school learning with higher education resources.

Why other actions are less complete: Training teachers improves skills but needs follow-up support and resource access to be sustained.

Competency-based activities are practical but are most effective when backed by shared infrastructure and ongoing collaboration.

Focusing only on top students helps a few but does not build system-level capacity or benefit the wider school community.

Recommended practical steps for implementing resource-sharing partnerships: Map available physical resources and expertise at the higher education institution and identify schools that would most benefit.

Set up regular faculty visits, teacher mentoring, and shared use schedules for laboratories and libraries.

Co-develop programs (workshops, projects, internships) that include both teacher capacity building and student engagement.

Monitor impact and adapt collaboration to ensure benefits reach a broad group of students and teachers.