Which of the following plots is constructed from a dataset's five-number…

Concept

A box plot (box-and-whisker plot) is built from a dataset's five-number summary: minimum, first quartile (Q1), median, third quartile (Q3), and maximum. The box spans the interquartile range (IQR) with a line marking the median, and whiskers extend to the extreme values. This construction is specifically designed to convey both the spread of the data (through the box width and whisker length) and its center (through the median line) in a single diagram.

Application

The blank asks for the plot type built around exactly this purpose: summarizing spread and center together for a single dataset. Among the four options, only the box plot's structure directly marks the median and the quartile boundaries, so it is the one designed to show both quantities at once.

Cross-check / Contrast

• Line plot: connects successive data points to trace how a quantity changes over an ordered sequence such as time, emphasizing trend and direction rather than a spread-and-center summary.

• Bar plot: uses the height or length of separate bars to compare totals or frequencies across distinct categories, not the internal spread or center of one dataset.

• Histogram: groups continuous values into consecutive intervals (bins) and shows the frequency in each bin, revealing the overall shape of a distribution, but without directly marking the median or quartile boundaries the way a box plot does.

Result

Because its box-and-whisker construction is built to mark the median and quartiles directly, Box plot is the correct choice.