What was the aftermath that survived tragedies in Kashmir and Bangladesh ?

Concept: A stated-detail comprehension question asks which idea the passage itself reports as lasting or resulting. The rule is to answer from an explicit clause in the text, never from a consequence that merely sounds plausible. The key words of the stem tell you which clause to look for.

Application: The key words of the stem are ‘aftermath’ and ‘survived’. The passage's penultimate movement states: “What reserves of enthusiasm and confidence survived these disasters have been mainly absorbed in the task of national reconstruction and economic development.” The disasters named immediately before that sentence are the agony of partition with its slaughter of the innocents, the uprooting of millions from their homeland, the martyrdom of Mahatma Gandhi, Pakistan's invasion of Kashmir and its later atrocities in Bangladesh. On the passage's own testimony, what came through those tragedies were the country's reserves of enthusiasm and confidence, and the passage names exactly one destination for them: the task of national reconstruction and economic development. The passage therefore names those reserves — not any of the offered values — as the thing that survived; what it does name among the offered values is the work into which the reserves were absorbed, namely national reconstruction and economic development.

Cross-check: How the other values fare against the same text:

• Suspicion of other countries: the passage's outward-looking attitude is a growing disillusionment with the ‘humane pretensions’ of the Western World, which it traces to the last great war rather than to what remained after the later tragedies.

• Continuance of rivalry: Pakistan's invasion of Kashmir and its atrocities in Bangladesh are named as causes of the tragedies, and the passage reports that they provoked poignant writing; it nowhere reports a persisting rivalry as the destination of the surviving reserves.

• Menace of war: war belongs to the passage's opening movement, where the last great war aggravates the popular revulsion against violence; the text does not carry a continuing threat of war forward into its account of the years after the tragedies.

Result: Among the values offered, the passage supports national reconstruction — the work, taken up together with economic development, into which the enthusiasm and confidence that came through the tragedies in Kashmir and Bangladesh were absorbed.