Assertion (A) : All teaching should aim at ensuring learning. Reason (R) : All…
2018
Assertion (A) : All teaching should aim at ensuring learning.
Reason (R) : All learning results from teaching.
Choose the correct answer from the following code :
Answer: C. (A) is true, but (R) is false. — Concept — In an Assertion–Reason item you first settle the truth of each statement on its own, and only then ask whether the second states the cause of the…
- A.
Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
- B.
Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
- C.
(A) is true, but (R) is false.
- D.
(A) is false, but (R) is true.
Attempted by 9 students.
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: C
Concept — In an Assertion–Reason item you first settle the truth of each statement on its own, and only then ask whether the second states the cause of the first. The governing idea here is that teaching and learning are related but not coextensive: teaching is a deliberate, purposive activity undertaken so that learning happens, while learning is any relatively lasting change in understanding or behaviour produced by experience — and experience does not require a teacher.
Application — Judge each statement of this item separately against that idea.
Assertion (A) — “All teaching should aim at ensuring learning.” Teaching is a tripolar, intentional process (teacher, content, learner) whose whole purpose is to bring about learning; teaching from which no learning follows has failed on its own terms. Stated as an aim, this claim holds, so the Assertion is true.
Reason (R) — “All learning results from teaching.” The quantifier “all” makes this a universal claim, and a single counter-example defeats it. Much learning is incidental or informal: imitation, trial and error, conditioning, play, self-study and socialisation. A child acquires the mother tongue and most social norms without being taught. So the Reason is false.
Cross-check — Now test the four codes against those two judgements. Any code requiring both statements to be true is ruled out by the false universal in the Reason, whether or not it also claims an explanatory link; and the code calling the Assertion false is ruled out because the aim is sound. What survives is: (A) is true, but (R) is false. Note also that even had the Reason been true it could not have explained the Assertion — the Assertion states a purpose, while the Reason makes a claim about origin.
Teaching | Learning |
|---|---|
Deliberate and planned; someone intends it. | May be deliberate, or entirely incidental. |
Needs an agent — a teacher, text or medium. | Can arise from experience alone, with no agent. |
Judged by the learning it produces. | Judged by the lasting change in understanding or behaviour. |
Remember — Every act of teaching aims at learning, but not every act of learning presupposes teaching. Teaching is one source of learning, not the whole of it.