Individualized Education Programme is planned from the perspective of:

An Individualized Education Programme (IEP) is a personalised instructional plan drawn up for a learner with specific additional needs. Its defining feature is that every part of the plan — assessment, goals, teaching strategies, and supports — is built around that particular child's present level of performance, strengths, and difficulties, rather than around a fixed curriculum, a type of institution, or a delivery technology.

Applying this to the question: since an IEP's content and structure are decided by referring back to the individual child's profile at every step, the perspective that governs its planning is the child's own needs and characteristics — a child-centered approach. The plan differs from child to child because the starting point is always that one learner.

• Special Education Programme names a category of institutional provision (a type of school or service), not a planning perspective — an IEP can occur within such a setting, but the setting itself does not decide how the plan is built.

• Open School Education Programme names a distance or flexible schooling delivery structure, unrelated to how an individual plan is designed around one learner.

• e-Learning Education Programme names a technology-based delivery mode, again a channel of instruction rather than a perspective that shapes planning.

So the Individualized Education Programme is planned from a child-centered perspective.