Which of the following is NOT a quality-related issue in pre-schools?

Answer: Lack of parental support (माता-पिता के सहयोग की कमी) is NOT a pre-school quality-related issue. Reason: Lack of parental support is an external factor coming from the family or community. It affects a child’s outcomes but does not reflect the school’s internal standards, staff competence, pedagogy, or curriculum. Internal quality issues of a pre-school include: Lack of trained educators — affects classroom interactions and learning, and is the school's responsibility to address.