Rangpur, Lothal, Prabhas Patan and Dholavira archaeological sites are found in…

Concept: Indus Valley (Harappan) Civilization sites are classified by the present-day Indian state in which they are located. Rangpur, Lothal, Prabhas Patan and Dholavira are all Harappan-era sites located in present-day Gujarat, though in different districts across the state.

Application: Each of the four named sites is located in present-day Gujarat:

• Lothal — a major Harappan port town in Ahmedabad district, Gujarat, known for its dockyard and bead-making industry.

• Rangpur — a Harappan settlement in Surendranagar district, Gujarat, in the Saurashtra region.

• Prabhas Patan — a proto-historic and Harappan-era site near Somnath in Gir Somnath district, Gujarat.

• Dholavira — a major planned Harappan city in Kutch district, Gujarat, inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Cross-check: None of the other states holds this specific set of sites:

• Punjab's well-known Harappan-era sites are Ropar and Sanghol, not these four.

• Madhya Pradesh's notable proto-historic sites (e.g., Bhimbetka rock shelters) belong to a different, non-coastal cultural context.

• Uttar Pradesh's Harappan-era finds (e.g., Alamgirpur) are a separate, easternmost outpost group, unrelated to this group of Gujarat sites.

All four sites — Rangpur, Lothal, Prabhas Patan and Dholavira — are located in Gujarat, confirming it as the correct answer.