Disregarding commonly known facts, assume the given statements are true and…
2016
Disregarding commonly known facts, assume the given statements are true and determine which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
All turtles are ponds.
Some ponds are hills.
All hills are rivers.
Conclusions:
I. Some rivers are ponds.
II. Some rivers are turtles.
III. Some hills are turtles.
- A.
Only II follows.
- B.
Only II and III follow.
- C.
Only III follows.
- D.
Only I follows.
Attempted by 12 students.
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: D
1. Draw a basic Venn diagram based on the statements: Place the full circle of 'Turtles' inside 'Ponds'. Draw 'Hills' overlapping with 'Ponds' (keeping it separate from 'Turtles' in the minimal overlapping scenario). Place the full circle of 'Hills' inside 'Rivers'. 2. Evaluate Conclusion I: Since 'Some ponds are hills' and 'All hills are rivers', the portion of hills that overlaps with ponds will automatically be inside rivers. Thus, 'Some rivers are ponds' definitely follows. 3. Evaluate Conclusions II & III: In the minimum overlapping diagram, 'Turtles' does not share any boundary with 'Hills' or 'Rivers'. Hence, these conclusions do not logically follow. Final Answer: Option D